Universities Scotland

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON RACE EQUALITY

USEFUL WEBSITES AND READING

Scottish-related websites, articles and research reports about racism, sectarianism and race-related issues

This section provides some internet and reading suggestions for those wanting to find out more about racism, sectarianism and Islamophobia in Scotland. This is by no means an exhaustive list.

Websites

One Scotland Many Cultures

A useful site maintained by the Scottish Executive. Provides information on race-related matters in Scotland.

QELTM - Quality and Equality of Learning and Teaching Materials

The QELTM project seeks to raise the capacity of the sector to integrate quality and equality, in terms of inclusiveness, accessibility and diversity, to support educational practitioners in their frontline role. An initiative co-ordinated by Stevenson College, Edinburgh, in partnership with a range of Scottish colleges and other stakeholders, the website has a useful section of downloadable staff development materials.

Don't Give It Don't Take It

An education resource for teaching staff, this was produced in Scotland to tackle sectarianism and religious intolerance. A useful site with lots of lesson ideas and information on sectarianism in Scotland. Also includes links to other sites in the UK and elsewhere giving information about faiths and beliefs, Islamophobia and much more. 

Mainstreaming equalities website from the Scottish Executive

A useful website which links a range of equality issues e.g. gender, age, sexual orientation, ethnicity, disability and social class. It also provides a mainstreaming toolkit with practical suggestions and very useful data relating to the Scottish context.

A Staff Development Toolkit for Scottish Teachers

Aimed at teachers in school, this nevertheless has some useful information that higher education academics and support staff with teaching responsibilities might find useful, for example on dealing with racist incidents.

Centre for Education for Racial Equality in Scotland (CERES)

Based at the University of Edinburgh, this national centre provides advice, consultancy and resources to the schools sector in Scotland on race equality issues. Its work increasingly involves mainstreaming of a range of equality issues into Scottish schools education. This website has subject checklists providing ideas on how to consider race equality issues.

Forum on Discrimination

The Forum on Discrimination (FonD) invites diverse groups and individuals to come together to share experiences and ideas on discrimination.

GARA (Glasgow Anti Racist Alliance)

The Glasgow Anti Racist Alliance is a multi-agency partnership established to tackle the social exclusion of young people caused by racism in the city of Glasgow.

Scottish Council of Jewish Communities

The Council is the umbrella representative organisation of all the Jewish communities in Scotland. It employs a Parliamentary and Public Affairs Officer to monitor the Scottish Parliament and liaise with MSPs and others on matters affecting the Jewish community. The SCJC provides a Jewish information desk on 0141 577 8228.

Scottish Interfaith Council

The Council aims to advance public knowledge and mutual understanding of the teachings, traditions and practices of the different faith communities in Scotland.

Scottish Refugee Council

The Scottish Refugee Council is an independent charity dedicated to providing advice, information and assistance to asylum seekers and refugees living in Scotland. It also provides specialist services in areas such as housing and welfare, education and employment, family reunion, women's issues, community development, the media and the arts.

Scottish Traveller Education Project (STEP)

STEP has a resource centre which holds one of the most substantial collections of resources on Gypsy and Traveller issues in Scotland. It is based in the Faculty of Education of the University of Edinburgh.

Books/articles (a selection)

Arshad, R. and Kelly, E. (2005) 'The Myth of the Egalitarian Society and the Equality Debate: Are We Really Jock Tamson's Bairns?', in G. Hassan, E. Gibb and L. Howland (eds), Scotland 2020, London: Demos Publications

Braber, Ben (2006) Jews in Glasgow since 1812, London: Vallentine Mitchell Publishers

Hussain, Asifa and Miller, W. L. (2006) Multicultural Nationalism: Islamophobia, Anglophobia, and Devolution, Oxford: Oxford University Press

Juwah, C., et al. (2005) 'Overcoming the Cultural Issues associated with Plagiarism for International Students' .
This report by C. Juwah et al. of the Centre for the Enhancement of Learning and Teaching at The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen presents the findings of the Higher Education Academy Business Management Accounting and Finance (BMAF) Subject Network, the aim of which was to investigate the reasons why international students plagiarise, to identify the cultural factors which cause them to engage in plagiarism practices, and to identify strategies to enable international students to overcome the cultural factors that cause them to plagiarise. For more information on staff development and plagiarism deterrence click here.

Leyburn, James Graham (1962) The Scotch-Irish: A Social History, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press

Maan, Bashir (1997) The New Scots: The Story of Asians in Scotland, Edinburgh: John Donald Publishers

Miles, R. and Dunlop, A. (1987) 'Racism in Britain: The Scottish Dimension', in P. Jackson (ed.), Race and Racism, London: Allen and Unwin

Miles, R. and Muirhead, L. (1986) 'Racism in Scotland: A Matter for Further Investigation?, in D. McCrone (ed.), Scottish Government Yearbook, Edinburgh: Unit for the Study of Government in Scotland

Millar, John (1998) The Lithuanians in Scotland: A Personal View, Colonsay: House of Lochar

Neat, Timothy (2002) The Summer Walkers: Travelling People and Pearl-Fishers in the Highlands of Scotland, Edinburgh: Birlinn

Watson, Murray (2003) Being English in Scotland, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press

Scottish Affairs Journal (1999-2006) No. 56, Summer 2006 Special edition on 'Public Policy and Equality: Mainstreaming Equalities' (guest editors Linka McKie and Sheila Riddell)

No. 50, Winter 2005 Kelly, Elinor 'Review Essay: Sectarianism, Bigotry and Ethnicity - The Gulf in Understanding'

No. 49, Autumn 2004 Hopkins, Peter 'Everyday Racism in Scotland: A Case Study of East Pollokshields'

No. 42, Winter 2003 Kelly, Elinor 'Challenging Sectarianism in Scotland: The Prism of Racism'

No. 38, Winter 2003 Kelly, Elinor 'Asylum Seekers and Politics in Scotland'
Hussan, Asifa and Ishaq, Mohammed 'Scottish Pakistani Muslims' Perceptions of the Armed Forces'

No. 33, Autumn 2000 Kelly, Elinor 'Asylum Seekers in Scotland: Challenging Racism at the Heart of Government

No. 30, Winter 2000 Kelly, Elinor 'Racism, Police and Courts in Scotland'

No. 26, Winter 1999 Kelly, Elinor 'Stands Scotland Where It Did? An Essay in Ethnicity and Internationalism'
Macdonald, Sheena 'The Gaelic Renaissance and Scotland's Identities'

Science and engineering

Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh

Cronin, Catherine, Foster, Maureen and Lister, Elizabeth (1999) 'SET for the Future: Working towards Inclusive Science, Engineering and Technology Curricula in Higher Education', in Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 23, No. 2, London: Routledge;

Though this paper concentrated on addressing the under-representation of women into SET, many of the issues identified from the research are relevant when considering race-related matters, in particular:

  • the inclusion of more realistic problems into course content which considers human, social and ecological matters;
  • inclusion of core skills such as communication skills within course content;
  • more interactive teaching/learning with clearer links between subjects;
  • more consideration of equity issues within department/subject environments;
  • usage of a variety of forms of assessment rather than relying solely on formal exams.

As a result of the SET Student Survey, guidelines were drawn up to assist inclusive course design and teaching.

Research reports (a selection)

Barclay, Aileen, Bowes, Alison, et al. (2003) Asylum Seekers in Scotland , Edinburgh, Scottish Executive, Social Research;
Research commissioned by the Scottish Executive to explore the effects of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 on asylum seekers and devolved services in Scotland.

Bromley, Catherine and Curtice, John (2003) Attitudes to Discrimination in Scotland , Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Social Research;

Cassidy, Clare, O'Connor, Rory and Dorrer, Nike (2006) A Comparison of How Young People from Different Ethnic Groups Experience Leaving School ,

Citizens Advice Scotland (2006) Migrant Workers , Edinburgh: CAS;

Commission for Racial Equality (2005) Broadening Our Horizons - Making Fresh Talent Work for Scotland , Full Report, Holyrood McDonald Hotel,

de Lima, P. (2001) Needs not Numbers: An Exploration of Minority Ethnic Communities in Rural Scotland, London: Commission for Racial Equality and Community Development Foundation

de Lima, P., Jentsch, B. and Whelton, R. (2005) Migrant Workers in the Highlands and Islands , Inverness: Highlands and Islands Enterprise;

Netto, G., Arshad, R., de Lima, P., Diniz, F.A., McEwan, M., Patel, V. and Syed, R. (2001) Audit of Research on Minority Ethnic Issues in Scotland from a 'Race' Perspective , Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Central Research Unit;

Scottish Executive (2005) Review of Race Equality Work in Scotland ,

Stone, V., Macdonald, S., Arshad, R. and de Lima, P. (2005) Ethnic Identity and the Census Research Report , Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Social Research;
The overall aim of this research was to inform the development of a classification of ethnic identity in Scotland that better captured the diversities of Scottish people and the needs of service providers and users.

Websites concerning inclusive learning and teaching

There is a multitude of websites available for consultation on issues related to inclusive learning and teaching. Though many are designed for primary and secondary schools, some of the principles are transferable for use in colleges and universities. Some particularly useful websites have been highlighted below. Most of these websites have further links to other websites and resources. Many of the websites below provide advice and tips for developing an inclusive approach on a range of equality issues, not just race equality.

The Association of American Colleges and Universities (USA):

Advice on Effective Curriculum Transformation (The Diversity Web) This web page links into a larger website. The site is designed to act as an interactive resource hub for higher education and claims to be 'the most comprehensive compendium of campus practices and resources about diversity in higher education that you can find anywhere'. This is an excellent site, which is easy to use and saturated with good practice examples.

The Centre for Teaching and Learning, University of North Carolina (USA):

Diversity in the College Classroom This addresses academic culture and strategies for inclusive teaching. It includes a number of chapters on a variety of ethnic groups as well as information relating to 'Midterm Course Evaluations', 'Flexible Grading Scale' and a 'Policy for Alternative Testing.'

Flinders University:

Cultural Diversity and Inclusive Practice Toolkit This is a resource designed to assist staff at the Flinders University to promote 'mutually respectful relationships' and translate the university's policies into practice. The toolkit is designed essentially for self-reflection or for small groups to stimulate discussion on current practice and identifying ways to improve. It focuses specifically on learning and teaching, research, leadership and administration and the university community. There are many useful links to other sites pertaining to culture and also addressing international students and settling into a new country.

The Education Alliance at Brown University:

The Diversity Kit - An Introductory Resource for Social Change in Education This publication focuses on human development and cultural diversity. It explores issues of diversity in education that are essential for teachers who are committed to diversity and quality education for all students. It has been developed in three sections:
Part I - Human Development
Part II - Culture
Part III - Language.
All three can be accessed to explore or to download from the website.

University of Tasmania:

Inclusive Teaching Practices This is an on-line resource for staff to consider diversity issues in developing an inclusive learning and teaching environment.

La Trobe University:

Developing an Inclusive Curriculum This contains a simple and succinct guide for academic staff to read/use in order to develop an inclusive curriculum and create an inclusive learning environment.

Leeds University:

Anti-Racist Toolkit This is an excellent toolkit designed for higher education. It covers a range of institutional areas from learning and teaching to employment and student recruitment issues. Section Two on Conceptual Tools is particularly useful as background reading. There is also a section referring to other toolkits which may be useful for overall institutional use.

Winona State University:

Seven Principles for Good Practice: Enhancing Student Learning This set of principles has been established after reviewing fifty years of research on learning and teaching in undergraduate education. It focuses on policies and practices that enhance the student learning experience.

University of Washington (USA):

Strategies for Inclusive Teaching This focuses on strategies that are designed to help teachers communicate positively with students and involve them all as equal learners.

University of Bournemouth:

International Capability A range of articles can be found on this site related to issues of cross-cultural and international capability.

University of California, Berkeley:

Tools for Teaching (from the book Tools for Teaching by Barbara Gross Davis, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco, 1993) This site provides succinct guidelines to educators in approaching diversity in classrooms. Furthermore, the site's homepage also has links to other useful tools for inclusive learning and teaching.

University of Indianapolis:

Diversity Teaching Techniques This is a site for primary and secondary schools but has some excellent examples of how to incorporate principles of diversity into the classroom. The good practice models have clearly laid out teaching plans to enable educators to implement them straight away. The full resource can be accessed via the options listed.

The University of Pittsburgh (USA):

Diversity Across The Curriculum These links and articles provide resources for faculty to learn about theories, strategies, and methods for transforming the curriculum in order to reach their goals of teaching more inclusively. Of particular interest might be examples of syllabi in various subjects from physics to nursing.

University of Strathclyde:

TEACHABILITY The Teachability project promotes the creation of an accessible curriculum for students with disabilities through making freely available informative publications for academic staff. This site has a range of booklets which can be downloaded covering areas such as course programmes, placements, e-learning, examinations and assessment. It is an excellent site for practical advice on improving accessibility for students with disabilities.

University of Tasmania:

Inclusive Teaching Practice This resource is designed to assist staff to develop teaching strategies to ensure they are inclusive of the needs of all minorities. This section includes a checklist as well as links to other key resources available on the web. The site contains excellent information on a multitude of issues including internationalisation of the curriculum, inclusive teaching practices, assessment, and strategies for improving teaching. Using the pull-down menus on the site, users can access all of this, and much more.

University of Washington (USA):

Diversity Appraisal Report, Section IX. Diversity in Curriculum
This site outlines why the University of Washington has prioritised diversity issues as part of learning and teaching. It seeks to ensure that graduates have requisite diversity knowledge and competencies; it supports undergraduate and graduate curricula in fields of study focusing on diversity; it embeds the study of diversity within curricula and programmes, provides faculty development in effective pedagogical techniques for teaching in diverse classrooms, and ensures student satisfaction with opportunities for study. The site is worth visiting to consider the rationale of including diversity within learning and teaching.

Inclusive Teaching This website has been developed by the centre for Instructional Development and Research. It highlights inclusive teaching strategies for members of academic staff at the University of Washington. It is easy to use and particularly good for resources and good practice examples.

What Excludes Students? This elaborates on subtle as well as direct ways in which the teacher can exclude students in the class, and provides strategies to address these issues.

Vanderbilt Center for Teaching

Diversity This website includes a range of resources, services and programmes for supporting diversity in a variety of academic contexts.

Subject-specific websites

Whilst there is a wide range of websites dedicated to diversity and inclusivity, the number of websites dedicated to subject-specific diversity is few in comparison. Several sites have been highlighted below which pertain to science, human rights, medicine, engineering and mathematics.

Center for Science Education (Education Development Center, USA):

A Toolkit for Science Education Reform This toolkit addresses the disparity of results within sciences and mathematics between white students and minority groups. It outlines an approach designed to ensure equity including reference to curriculum, planning and decision making, testing and instructional practices.

Florida International University

Center for Diversity in Engineering and Computing (CDEC) The CDEC is a group that has been established to support under-represented ethnic and gender groups into engineering. The website outlines the group's goals and objectives and provides links to relevant programmes.

The Higher Education Academy:

Subject Centre for Philosophical and Religious Studies This subject centre has produced faith guides which have been written by academics for academics. There is also a Cultural and Religious Diversity page which provides links to many useful sites on religion and ethics.

Institute for Diversity in Engineering and Society (IDEAS)

website The Institute for Diversity in Engineering And Society (IDEAS) is a non-profit organisation working with industry, education and the community to promote the valuing of diversity in engineering and society. The website provides information about design projects and curriculum materials from the AWIM (A World in Motion) Program developed by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Foundation.

Leeds University Centre for Ethnicity and Racism Studies:

Institutional Racism in Higher Education Toolkit Project: Building the Anti-Racist HEI This toolkit provides excellent material for all aspects of HE functions from employment to contracts and purchasing. It has a good section on conceptual issues which is worth reading to provide base knowledge to accompany this Scottish Race Equality Toolkit for universities.

Purdue University (USA)

Diversity Forum Purdue University established a Multicultural Forum in the College of Engineering in 1998. The Forum is balanced between didactic information about race and ethnicity and individual sharing about personal experiences.

University of California, Riverside,

College of Engineering The University considers that one of the major goals of engineering is 'to contribute to the welfare of society'. Toward this objective the Chemical Engineering programme includes a General Education component that includes a study of world history; political and economic systems; the ethnic, cultural, and religious diversity of the peoples of the earth; the arts and letters of all cultures; the social and natural sciences; and technology.

The United Nations Association in Canada:

Human Rights Toolkit This site includes some interesting ideas designed to encourage diversity. It includes information on daily/monthly practices, committees, clubs and associations and forms of artistic expression.

University of Central Florida (USA):

Incorporating multicultural and science-technology-science issues into science teacher education courses: successes, challenges and possibilities Beginning in January 1979, colleges and universities applying for accreditation of their professional education programmes by the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) were required to show evidence of planning for multicultural education in their curricula. This site has a document that makes the case for multiculturalism in science education for teachers.

Useful papers

British Council (2002) Feeling at Home: A Guide to Issues of Cultural Awareness for Those Working with International Students , available for order.

North Central Regional Educational Laboratory This site provides an overview of issues relating to multicultural education and educating teachers who will work with culturally and linguistically diverse students. Additional readings are available on-line through the links provided.

Race and pedagogy project - California The site is an academic resource intended to provide teachers, students, researchers and the interested public with on-site research, bibliographies of research and teaching materials. There are extensive links to articles and resources related to race and pedagogy issues.

The University of Minnesota - Working Papers on the Internationalisation of the Curriculum There are several links to useful articles discussing the internationalisation of the curriculum resulting from a seminar organised for faculty staff at the university of Minnesota.

Barr, R. and Latucca, L. R. (1997) Report: Conference on Researching Issues of Diversity in Higher Education, The Spencer Foundation, September;

Busch-Vishniac, Ilene J. and Jarosz, Jeffrey P. (2004) Can Diversity in the Undegraduate Engineering Population Be Enhanced through Curricular Change?, in Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, Vol. 10, pp. 255-281, Connecticut: Begell House Inc.;
The authors of this paper adopted the working hypothesis that the undergraduate engineering curriculum will be made more attractive without compromising it technically if it enhances the links between subjects and the links between fundamentals and applications, reduces critical path lengths in the course sequence, introduces team experiences into all courses and creates an atmosphere of inclusion rather than exclusion. They also suggest improving linkage between separate course elements, e.g. maths, physics and applications, and contextualising these better in social/cultural contexts, both historical and contemporary. The need for links to social relevance is particularly acute for women and ethnic minorities. Consideration should be given to introducing more historical and personal context into engineering courses; even the simple act of discussing contributions of men and women and of different ethnic groups and nationalities who first applied fundamental concepts in particular fields has a positive and inclusive effect. The authors also discuss linking engineering to other areas via joint degrees on the basis that many participate in the engineering profession without the benefit of any educational experience in engineering.

Cross Cultural Capability: Changing LTA Practices - Responding to the Challenge of a Diverse Body,

HEFCE (Higher Education Funding Council for England) (2002) Successful Student Diversity: Case Studies of Practice in Learning and Teaching and Widening Participation, November 2002/48,

Olsen, A. (2001) Diversity and Inclusivity in Teaching and Learning and Student Services in Australia, Strategy Policy and Research Education Pte Ltd;

References for books mentioned in Racial equality stategies in the Curriculum

Aboulela, Leila (2005) The Translator, Edinburgh: Polygon

Beyala, Calixthe (1991) Le petit prince de Belleville, Paris: Albin Michel

Bourdieu, Pierre (1986) The Forms of Capital: English version published in J.G. Richardson (ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, pp. 241-258

Bourdieu, Pierre (1998) The State Nobility, Oxford: Polity Press

There are many other publications by Bourdieu and about Bourdieu on social and cultural capital and it would be advisable to investigate a range of these texts.

Charef, Mehdi (1983) Le thé au harem d'Archi Ahmed, Paris: Mercure de France

Fraser, Bashabi (2004) Tartan and Turban, Edinburgh: Luath Press

Kay, Jackie (1997) In My Country in Other Lovers, Newcastle upon Tyne: Bloodaxe Books;

Rhys, Jean (2000) Wide Sargasso Sea, London: Penguin Classics

Saadi, Suhayl (2001) The Burning Mirror, Edinburgh: Polygon

Said, Edward W. (1994) Culture and Imperialism, London: Vintage

Sutherland, Luke (2005) Venus as a Boy, London: Bloomsbury

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